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Class 10: English, Lesson -3 ‘The Passing Away of Bapu’ – Nayantara Sehgal

The Passing Away of Bapu
(Unit 1: The Tragedy & The Shock)

📖 পাঠ ও বঙ্গানুবাদ (Text & Translation)

Text: I was having tea at home on the evening of 30th January 1948, when I was called to Birla House by an urgent telephone. Gandhiji had been shot on his way to a prayer meeting. I was numb with shock as I got into the car.
বঙ্গানুবাদ: ১৯৪৮ সালের ৩০শে জানুয়ারি সন্ধ্যায় আমি বাড়িতে চা খাচ্ছিলাম, তখন একটি জরুরি টেলিফোনে আমাকে বিড়লা হাউসে ডাকা হলো। একটি প্রার্থনা সভায় যাওয়ার পথে গান্ধীজিকে গুলি করা হয়েছিল। গাড়িতে ওঠার সময় আমি আঘাতে (শোকে) অসাড় হয়ে গিয়েছিলাম।


Text: At the Birla House, Gandhiji’s relatives and followers had gathered round his body. There was silence in the room as Gandhiji breathed his last. Words of Bapuji’s death had spread through Delhi like a flame fanned by wind. Sad groups of men and women had collected around Birla House.
বঙ্গানুবাদ: বিড়লা হাউসে, গান্ধীজির আত্মীয় এবং অনুগামীরা তাঁর মৃতদেহের চারপাশে জড়ো হয়েছিলেন। ঘরে নিস্তব্ধতা বিরাজ করছিল কারণ গান্ধীজি শেষ নিঃশ্বাস ত্যাগ করেছিলেন। বাপুজীর মৃত্যুর খবর বাতাসের বেগে আগুনের মতো দিল্লি জুড়ে ছড়িয়ে পড়েছিল। দুঃখিত নারী-পুরুষের দল বিড়লা হাউসের চারপাশে জমায়েত হয়েছিল।


Text: Out of every window one could see a brown blur of faces. They did not make a sound. There was an unnatural silence. It was as if time stood still for those few minutes. The people were too stunned to speak in the beginning. Later they clamoured wildly, shouting and crying. They jostled one another in a stampede to break into the house.
বঙ্গানুবাদ: প্রতিটি জানালা দিয়ে বাদামী রঙের অস্পষ্ট মুখের ভিড় দেখা যাচ্ছিল। তারা কোনো শব্দ করছিল না। সেখানে এক অস্বাভাবিক নীরবতা ছিল। মনে হচ্ছিল যেন ওই কয়েক মিনিটের জন্য সময় থমকে দাঁড়িয়েছিল। শুরুতে মানুষ এতটাই স্তম্ভিত ছিল যে কথা বলতে পারছিল না। পরে তারা পাগলের মতো হইচই শুরু করল, চিৎকার করতে এবং কাঁদতে লাগল। তারা ঘরের ভেতরে ঢোকার জন্য হুড়োহুড়ি করে একে অপরকে ধাক্কা দিচ্ছিল।


Text: They calmed a little when it was announced that they would be allowed to see Gandhiji before the funeral. We listened to the broadcast telling the people of India that their Bapu was no more.
বঙ্গানুবাদ: তারা কিছুটা শান্ত হলো যখন ঘোষণা করা হলো যে শেষকৃত্যের আগে তাদের গান্ধীজিকে দেখার অনুমতি দেওয়া হবে। আমরা বেতারে (রেডিওতে) সেই সম্প্রচার শুনলাম যা ভারতের মানুষকে জানাচ্ছিল যে তাদের বাপু আর নেই।

শব্দার্থ (Word Nest)

WordMeaning (Bengali)
Urgentজরুরি
Numbঅসাড় / অনুভূতিহীন
Followersঅনুগামীরা
Blurঅস্পষ্ট
Clamouredউচ্চস্বরে দাবি করা / হইচই করা
Jostledধাক্কাধাক্কি করা
Stampedeহুড়োহুড়ি / ছত্রভঙ্গ অবস্থা
Funeralঅন্ত্যেষ্টিক্রিয়া / শেষকৃত্য

A. বহুবিকল্পভিত্তিক প্রশ্ন (MCQ)

i. The author was having tea at home on the evening of —

  • (a) 30th January, 1947
  • (b) 30th January, 1948
  • (c) 26th January, 1948
  • (d) 15th August, 1948
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (b) 30th January, 1948


ii. The author was called to —

  • (a) Birla House
  • (b) Prayer Hall
  • (c) Hospital
  • (d) Gandhiji’s Ashram
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (a) Birla House


iii. Gandhiji was shot on his way to —

  • (a) a meeting
  • (b) the Birla House
  • (c) a prayer meeting
  • (d) his home
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (c) a prayer meeting


iv. Initially, the people were too stunned to —

  • (a) cry
  • (b) speak
  • (c) move
  • (d) shout
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (b) speak


v. Words of Bapu’s death spread through Delhi like a —

  • (a) flood
  • (b) flame fanned by wind
  • (c) storm
  • (d) rumor
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (b) flame fanned by wind

B. বাক্য সম্পূর্ণ করো (Complete the Sentences)

i. The author was numb with shock as __________.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: she got into the car.


ii. The people jostled one another in a stampede to __________.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: break into the house (Birla House).


iii. The crowd calmed down a little when __________.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: it was announced that they would be allowed to see Gandhiji before the funeral.


iv. It was as if time stood still for __________.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: those few minutes (when there was an unnatural silence).


v. The broadcast told the people of India that __________.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: their Bapu was no more.

C. সত্য/মিথ্যা নিরূপণ (True/False with Supporting Statement)

i. The author received the news of Gandhiji’s death in the morning.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: False (F)
S.S: “I was having tea at home on the evening of 30th January…”


ii. The people shouted wildly from the very beginning.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: False (F)
S.S: “The people were too stunned to speak in the beginning.”


iii. Gandhiji died at the Birla House.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: True (T)
S.S: “At the Birla House… There was silence in the room as Gandhiji breathed his last.”


iv. The police had to control the crowd.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: False (F)
S.S: “They calmed a little when it was announced that they would be allowed to see Gandhiji…” (পুলিশের কথা উল্লেখ নেই, ঘোষণার পর তারা শান্ত হয়।)


v. The author heard the news of Bapu’s death on the radio.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: True (T)
S.S: “We listened to the broadcast telling the people of India that their Bapu was no more.” (যদিও শুরুতে টেলিফোনে খবর পান, কিন্তু ব্রডকাস্টের মাধ্যমেও খবরটি শোনেন যা নিশ্চিত করে।)

D. সংক্ষিপ্ত প্রশ্ন (Short Answer Questions)

i. Why was the author numb with shock?

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: The author was numb with shock because she received the sudden and tragic news that Gandhiji had been shot on his way to a prayer meeting.


ii. Describe the scene outside Birla House.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: Outside Birla House, a large crowd of sad men and women had gathered, creating a ‘brown blur of faces’ at every window, initially standing in unnatural silence and later clamouring wildly.


iii. Why did the people jostle one another?

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: The people jostled one another in a stampede because everyone wanted to break into the house to get a glimpse of their beloved leader, Bapu.


iv. What was the comparison used for the spread of the news?

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: The news of Bapu’s death was compared to a “flame fanned by wind,” indicating how quickly and intensely it spread through Delhi.


v. When did the crowd become calm?

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: The crowd became a little calm when it was announced that they would be allowed to see Gandhiji before the funeral.



The Passing Away of Bapu
(Unit 2: The Funeral Procession)

📖 পাঠ ও বঙ্গানুবাদ (Text & Translation)

Text: Gandhiji’s funeral was to take place the day after his death. Hours in advance, people lined the route the funeral procession was to follow. Padmasi, Mrs. Naidu’s daughter, spoke for us all when she said simply: “We will walk. It is the last time we shall be walking with Bapu.”
বঙ্গানুবাদ: গান্ধীজির শেষকৃত্য তাঁর মৃত্যুর পরদিন হওয়ার কথা ছিল। শোভাযাত্রা যে পথে যাবে, তার কয়েক ঘণ্টা আগে থেকেই মানুষ সেই পথের ধারে সারিবদ্ধভাবে দাঁড়িয়ে ছিল। মিসেস নাইডুর মেয়ে পদ্মসী আমাদের সবার হয়ে কথা বললেন যখন তিনি সহজভাবে বললেন: “আমরা হাঁটব। এই শেষবার আমরা বাপুর সাথে হাঁটব।”


Text: It was an agonizing walk. Thousands silently watched the procession. Bapu lay on an open truck covered with flowers. Thousands of people wept, trying to touch Bapu’s feet. It was impossible to move in the thick crowd.
বঙ্গানুবাদ: এটি ছিল এক যন্ত্রণাদায়ক হাঁটা। হাজার হাজার মানুষ নীরবে শোভাযাত্রা দেখছিল। বাপু ফুলে ঢাকা একটি খোলা ট্রাকের ওপর শুয়ে ছিলেন। হাজার হাজার মানুষ কাঁদছিল এবং বাপুর পা ছোঁয়ার চেষ্টা করছিল। সেই ঘন ভিড়ের মধ্যে নড়াচড়া করা অসম্ভব ছিল।


Text: As I moved forward slowly I understood I was not merely in the midst of grieving people. This was even more than the funeral procession of India’s beloved leader. I was among people for whom walking with Bapu had a special meaning. We had walked with Bapu over the rough and smooth of India’s recent history.
বঙ্গানুবাদ: আমি যখন ধীরে ধীরে এগিয়ে যাচ্ছিলাম, আমি বুঝতে পারলাম যে আমি কেবল শোকাহত মানুষের মাঝেই ছিলাম না। এটি ভারতের প্রিয় নেতার শেষকৃত্যের শোভাযাত্রার চেয়েও বেশি কিছু ছিল। আমি সেইসব মানুষের মধ্যে ছিলাম যাদের কাছে বাপুর সাথে হাঁটার এক বিশেষ অর্থ ছিল। আমরা বাপুর সাথে ভারতের সাম্প্রতিক ইতিহাসের চড়াই-উতরাই (কঠিন ও সহজ) পথে হেঁটেছি।


Text: To walk is to make slow progress. It is to think with clarity and closely inspect the numberless insects and plants in a ditch… It required no vehicle except his own body and cost him nothing but his energy… He transformed this commonplace into a joyful effort.
বঙ্গানুবাদ: হাঁটা মানে ধীরগতিতে এগোনো। এর মানে হলো স্বচ্ছতার সাথে চিন্তা করা এবং গর্তে থাকা অসংখ্য পোকামাকড় ও উদ্ভিদকে কাছ থেকে পর্যবেক্ষণ করা… এর জন্য নিজের শরীর ছাড়া অন্য কোনো যানবাহনের প্রয়োজন হয় না এবং শক্তি ছাড়া অন্য কোনো খরচ হয় না… তিনি (গান্ধীজি) এই সাধারণ কাজটিকে একটি আনন্দদায়ক প্রচেষ্টায় রূপান্তরিত করেছিলেন।

শব্দার্থ (Word Nest)

WordMeaning (Bengali)
Funeralশেষকৃত্য
Processionশোভাযাত্রা / মিছিল
Agonizingযন্ত্রণাদায়ক / মর্মান্তিক
Midstমাঝখানে / মধ্যে
Rough and smoothসুসময় ও দুঃসময় (চড়াই-উতরাই)
Clarityস্বচ্ছতা / স্পষ্টতা
Inspectনিরীক্ষণ করা / পর্যবেক্ষণ করা
Commonplaceসাধারণ বিষয়

A. বহুবিকল্পভিত্তিক প্রশ্ন (MCQ)

i. Gandhiji’s funeral took place —

  • (a) on the day of his death
  • (b) two days after his death
  • (c) the day after his death
  • (d) a week after his death
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (c) the day after his death


ii. Padmasi was the daughter of —

  • (a) Gandhiji
  • (b) Mrs. Naidu
  • (c) Nehru
  • (d) The author
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (b) Mrs. Naidu


iii. Bapu lay on an open truck covered with —

  • (a) flags
  • (b) white cloth
  • (c) flowers
  • (d) garlands
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (c) flowers


iv. Walking is often the only way open to the —

  • (a) rich people
  • (b) politicians
  • (c) average Indian
  • (d) foreigners
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (c) average Indian


v. To walk is to make —

  • (a) fast progress
  • (b) slow progress
  • (c) no progress
  • (d) steady progress
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (b) slow progress

B. বাক্য সম্পূর্ণ করো (Complete the Sentences)

i. Padmasi suggested that they would __________.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: walk with Bapu for the last time.


ii. It was impossible to move because __________.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: of the thick crowd.


iii. The author was among people for whom walking with Bapu had __________.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: a special meaning.


iv. Walking requires no vehicle except __________.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: one’s own body.


v. Bapu transformed the commonplace act of walking into __________.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: a joyful effort.

C. সত্য/মিথ্যা নিরূপণ (True/False with Supporting Statement)

i. Padmasi was the author’s mother.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: False (F)
S.S: “Padmasi, Mrs. Naidu’s daughter…” (লেখিকা হলেন নয়নতারা সেহগাল, তাই মিসেস নাইডু তার মা নন।)


ii. The walk was enjoyable and fun for the people.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: False (F)
S.S: “It was an agonizing walk.”


iii. Thousands of people watched the procession silently.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: True (T)
S.S: “Thousands silently watched the procession.”


iv. The author had never walked with Bapu before.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: False (F)
S.S: “We had walked with Bapu over the rough and smooth of India’s recent history.”


v. Walking requires a lot of money.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: False (F)
S.S: “…cost him nothing but his energy…”

D. সংক্ষিপ্ত প্রশ্ন (Short Answer Questions)

i. What did Padmasi say to the grieving people?

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: Padmasi simply said, “We will walk. It is the last time we shall be walking with Bapu.”


ii. Why was the walk agonizing?

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: The walk was agonizing because it was the funeral procession of their beloved leader, Bapu, and they knew they would never walk with him again.


iii. What were the people doing during the procession?

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: Thousands of people were silently watching the procession, while many wept and tried to touch Bapu’s feet amidst the thick crowd.


iv. Why is walking described as often the only way open to the average Indian?

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: Walking requires no vehicle except one’s own body and costs nothing but energy, making it accessible and affordable for the average Indian.


v. How did Gandhiji influence the act of walking?

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: Gandhiji took the commonplace act of walking and transformed it into a joyful effort, using it as a tool for progress and connection with the land.



The Passing Away of Bapu
(Unit 3: The Immersion & The Realization)

📖 পাঠ ও বঙ্গানুবাদ (Text & Translation)

Text: Some days after the funeral, a special train took Gandhiji’s ashes to Allahabad. The compartment was decked with flowers. People on the train sang bhajans. People did not weep anymore for they could feel Gandhiji’s presence amid the flowers and the songs.
বঙ্গানুবাদ: শেষকৃত্যের কিছুদিন পর, একটি বিশেষ ট্রেন গান্ধীজির চিতাভস্ম নিয়ে এলাহাবাদে গেল। ট্রেনের কামরাটি ফুল দিয়ে সাজানো হয়েছিল। ট্রেনের লোকজন ভজন গাইছিল। মানুষ আর কাঁদছিল না কারণ তারা ফুল এবং গানের মধ্যে গান্ধীজির উপস্থিতি অনুভব করতে পারছিল।


Text: At every station sorrowful crowds filled the platform. Amid song and prayer the train reached Allahabad. The ashes were immersed in the Ganges where a huge crowd had gathered at the bank. Afterwards we all went back to Delhi.
বঙ্গানুবাদ: প্রতিটি স্টেশনে শোকার্ত জনতা প্ল্যাটফর্ম ভরিয়ে দিয়েছিল। গান ও প্রার্থনার মধ্য দিয়ে ট্রেনটি এলাহাবাদে পৌঁছাল। চিতাভস্ম গঙ্গা নদীতে বিসর্জন দেওয়া হলো, যেখানে নদীর তীরে বিশাল জনসমাগম হয়েছিল। এরপর আমরা সবাই দিল্লিতে ফিরে এলাম।


Text: Back in Delhi, I felt at sea. I had not directly walked with Gandhiji, gone to prison at his call or made any sacrifice for my country. My sisters and I, and other young people like me, had been merely onlookers. But still I felt at sea. I felt I had grown up within a magic circle. With Bapu’s passing away, I felt the magic circle had vanished, leaving me unprotected.
বঙ্গানুবাদ: দিল্লিতে ফিরে, আমি নিজেকে দিশেহারা (at sea) অনুভব করলাম। আমি সরাসরি গান্ধীজির সাথে হাঁটিনি, তাঁর ডাকে জেলে যাইনি বা আমার দেশের জন্য কোনো ত্যাগ স্বীকার করিনি। আমার বোনেরা এবং আমি, এবং আমার মতো অন্যান্য তরুণরা কেবল দর্শকই ছিলাম। কিন্তু তবুও আমি দিশেহারা বোধ করছিলাম। আমার মনে হলো আমি একটি জাদুবৃত্তের মধ্যে বড় হয়েছি। বাপুর চলে যাওয়ার সাথে সাথে, আমি অনুভব করলাম সেই জাদুবৃত্তটি উধাও হয়ে গেছে, আমাকে অরক্ষিত অবস্থায় রেখে।


Text: With an effort I roused myself. I asked myself—had Bapu lived and died for nothing? How could I so easily lose courage when he was no longer there? My values were not so weak. Millions of people would have been ordinary folk but for Bapu. He brought them out of indifference and awakened them to one another’s suffering… Bapu has passed away but his India would continue to live in his children.
বঙ্গানুবাদ: এক প্রচেষ্টায় আমি নিজেকে জাগিয়ে তুললাম। আমি নিজেকে প্রশ্ন করলাম—বাপু কি বৃথাই বেঁচে ছিলেন এবং মারা গেলেন? তিনি যখন আর নেই তখন আমি কীভাবে এত সহজে সাহস হারাতে পারি? আমার মূল্যবোধ এত দুর্বল ছিল না। বাপু না থাকলে লক্ষ লক্ষ মানুষ সাধারণ লোক হয়েই থাকত। তিনি তাদের উদাসীনতা থেকে বের করে এনেছিলেন এবং একে অপরের কষ্টের প্রতি জাগ্রত করেছিলেন… বাপু চলে গেছেন কিন্তু তাঁর ভারত তাঁর সন্তানদের মধ্যে বেঁচে থাকবে।

শব্দার্থ (Word Nest)

WordMeaning (Bengali)
Ashesচিতাভস্ম
Deckedসাজানো / অলঙ্কৃত
Bhajansভজন গান / ভক্তিমূলক গান
Immersedবিসর্জন দেওয়া হলো / ডোবানো হলো
At seaদিশেহারা / কূলকিনারা না পাওয়া
Onlookersদর্শক / যারা কেবল চেয়ে দেখে
Magic circleজাদুবৃত্ত / সুরক্ষা বলয়
Indifferenceউদাসীনতা

A. বহুবিকল্পভিত্তিক প্রশ্ন (MCQ)

i. The ashes were taken to Allahabad by —

  • (a) bus
  • (b) special train
  • (c) car
  • (d) boat
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (b) special train


ii. The compartment of the train was decked with —

  • (a) flags
  • (b) lights
  • (c) flowers
  • (d) ribbons
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (c) flowers


iii. The ashes were immersed in the —

  • (a) Yamuna
  • (b) Ganges
  • (c) Narmada
  • (d) Godavari
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (b) Ganges


iv. Back in Delhi, the author felt —

  • (a) happy
  • (b) safe
  • (c) at sea
  • (d) angry
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (c) at sea


v. The author felt she had grown up within a —

  • (a) strict family
  • (b) magic circle
  • (c) golden cage
  • (d) protected shell
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (b) magic circle

B. বাক্য সম্পূর্ণ করো (Complete the Sentences)

i. People on the train did not weep anymore because __________.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: they could feel Gandhiji’s presence amid the flowers and the songs.


ii. With Bapu’s passing away, the author felt that the magic circle __________.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: had vanished, leaving her unprotected.


iii. The author and her sisters had been merely __________.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: onlookers.


iv. Bapu brought the ordinary folk out of __________.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: indifference and awakened them to one another’s suffering.


v. Bapu has passed away but his India would __________.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: continue to live in his children.

C. সত্য/মিথ্যা নিরূপণ (True/False with Supporting Statement)

i. The train carrying the ashes was ordinary.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: False (F)
S.S: “…a special train took Gandhiji’s ashes to Allahabad.”


ii. People sang bhajans on the train.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: True (T)
S.S: “People on the train sang bhajans.”


iii. The author felt protected after Bapu’s death.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: False (F)
S.S: “…leaving me unprotected.”


iv. The author had directly walked with Gandhiji and gone to prison.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: False (F)
S.S: “I had not directly walked with Gandhiji, gone to prison at his call…”


v. The author realized that her values were strong.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: True (T)
S.S: “My values were not so weak.”

D. সংক্ষিপ্ত প্রশ্ন (Short Answer Questions)

i. What was the atmosphere on the train like?

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: The atmosphere on the train was peaceful and devotional; the compartment was decorated with flowers, people sang bhajans, and they did not weep as they felt Bapu’s presence.


ii. Describe the scene at the bank of the Ganges.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: A huge, sorrowful crowd had gathered at the bank of the Ganges to witness the immersion of Gandhiji’s ashes.


iii. Why did the author feel ‘at sea’?

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: The author felt ‘at sea’ (lost/confused) because she felt the protective “magic circle” of Bapu had vanished with his death, leaving her and others feeling unprotected.


iv. What was the “magic circle” referring to?

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: The “magic circle” refers to the sense of security, guidance, and unity that Gandhiji provided to the people of India during his lifetime.


v. How did the author console herself in the end?

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: She consoled herself by realizing that Bapu’s values were not weak and that he would continue to live on through his children (the younger generation) and their actions.



The Passing Away of Bapu
(Textual Exercises: 1 – 9)

Unit 1 Exercises (1, 2, 3)

Exercise 1: Choose the correct alternative

1. The author was having tea at home on the evening of —

  • (a) 30th January, 1947
  • (b) 30th January, 1948
  • (c) 26th January, 1948
  • (d) 15th August, 1947
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (b) 30th January, 1948


2. The author was called to Birla House by an —

  • (a) urgent letter
  • (b) urgent telegram
  • (c) urgent telephone
  • (d) urgent message
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (c) urgent telephone


3. The people were too stunned to —

  • (a) speak in the beginning
  • (b) weep in the beginning
  • (c) cry in the beginning
  • (d) shout in the beginning
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (a) speak in the beginning


4. Words of Bapuji’s death had spread through Delhi like a flame fanned by —

  • (a) air
  • (b) fire
  • (c) wind
  • (d) water
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (c) wind

Exercise 2: Complete the sentences

(a) While getting into the car, the author was —

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: numb with shock.


(b) The people calmed down a little when —

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: it was announced that they would be allowed to see Gandhiji before the funeral.


(c) The people cried wildly and shouted when —

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: they clamoured wildly later (after the initial shock wore off).

Exercise 3: True/False with Supporting Statements

(a) The author received the urgent telephone call in the morning.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: False (F)

S.S: “…on the evening of 30th January 1948…”


(b) People attempted to break into the Birla House.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: True (T)

S.S: “They jostled one another in a stampede to break into the house.”


(c) The news of Gandhiji’s death did not shock the people.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: False (F)

S.S: “The people were too stunned to speak in the beginning.”

Unit 2 Exercises (4, 5, 6)

Exercise 4: Choose the correct alternative

5. Gandhiji’s funeral was to take place —

  • (a) on the day of his death
  • (b) two days after his death
  • (c) one day after his death
  • (d) a week after his death
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (c) one day after his death


6. Padmasi was Mrs. Naidu’s —

  • (a) niece
  • (b) sister
  • (c) friend
  • (d) daughter
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (d) daughter


7. While walking, Bapu used to carry a —

  • (a) staff
  • (b) flag
  • (c) book
  • (d) bag
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (a) staff

Exercise 5: Complete the sentences

(a) Thousands of people wept, trying —

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: to touch Bapu’s feet.


(b) The author was among people for whom walking —

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: with Bapu had a special meaning.


(c) To walk is to make —

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: slow progress.

Exercise 6: Answer the questions

(a) What is the narrator’s comment on walking?

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: According to the narrator, walking is to make slow progress, thinking with clarity and closely inspecting the surroundings.


(b) How did Gandhiji transform walking?

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: Gandhiji transformed the commonplace act of walking into a joyful effort.


(c) Why was walking often the only way open to the average Indian?

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: Walking was often the only way because it required no vehicle except one’s own body and cost nothing but energy.

Unit 3 Exercises (7, 8, 9)

Exercise 7: Choose the correct alternative

8. Gandhiji’s ashes were taken to —

  • (a) Ahmedabad
  • (b) Allahabad
  • (c) Delhi
  • (d) Benaras
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (b) Allahabad


9. A huge crowd had gathered by the —

  • (a) Ganges
  • (b) Yamuna
  • (c) Brahmaputra
  • (d) Narmada
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (a) Ganges


10. Gandhiji awakened people to one another’s —

  • (a) indifference
  • (b) jealousy
  • (c) suffering
  • (d) greed
উত্তর দেখো

Ans: (c) suffering

Exercise 8: Complete the sentences

(a) People on the special train —

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: sang bhajans.


(b) The author felt she had grown up within —

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: a magic circle.


(c) Bapu had passed away but —

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: his India would continue to live in his children.

Exercise 9: Fill in the chart (Cause-Effect)

CauseEffect
People could feel Gandhiji’s presence amid the flowers and the songs.
উত্তর দেখো

They did not weep anymore.

The magic circle vanished.
উত্তর দেখো

The author felt unprotected.

The author felt that her values were not so weak.
উত্তর দেখো

She roused herself with an effort.



Grammar & Writing
(Exercise 10 – 14)

Exercise 10: Join into Simple Sentences

(a) I saw a snake. I ran away.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: Seeing a snake, I ran away.

(Rule: Using Present Participle)


(b) He learns music. He listens to the chords.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: He learns music by listening to the chords.

(Rule: Using Preposition + Gerund)


(c) Gold is a precious metal. It is used to make ornaments.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: Gold, a precious metal, is used to make ornaments.

(Rule: Using Noun in Apposition)


(d) Ramu has some money. He can buy books.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: Ramu has some money to buy books.

(Rule: Using Infinitive)

Exercise 11: Join into Complex Sentences

(a) Rabindranath Tagore is a famous poet. He won the Nobel Prize.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: Rabindranath Tagore, who is a famous poet, won the Nobel Prize.

(Rule: Adjective Clause using ‘who’)


(b) He returned home. Everyone in the family had fallen asleep.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: When he returned home, everyone in the family had fallen asleep.

(Rule: Adverbial Clause of Time using ‘when’)


(c) The sun rises in the east. Everyone knows it.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: Everyone knows that the sun rises in the east.

(Rule: Noun Clause using ‘that’)

Exercise 12: Join into Compound Sentences

(a) They failed. They did not lose heart.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: They failed, but they did not lose heart.

(Connector: but)


(b) He is rich. He is unhappy.

উত্তর দেখো

Ans: He is rich, yet he is unhappy.

(Connector: yet/but)

Exercise 13: Biography Writing

Question: Write a biography of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad (within 100 words) using the following points:

Hints: Born on 11 November 1888 — composed poetry in Urdu — worked as a journalist — protested against British Raj — enthusiastic supporter of Gandhiji — wrote many books — first Education Minister of independent India — birthday celebrated as National Education Day — died on 22 February 1958.

উত্তর দেখো (Click to Reveal Answer)

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was a great freedom fighter and a scholar. He was born on 11th November 1888. From a young age, he showed his literary talent and composed poetry in Urdu. Later, he worked as a journalist and used his pen to protest against the British Raj. He was an enthusiastic supporter of Gandhiji and played an active role in the freedom movement. Azad was also a prolific writer and wrote many books. After independence, he became the first Education Minister of independent India. To honor his contribution, his birthday is celebrated as National Education Day. This great soul passed away on 22nd February 1958.

Exercise 14: Paragraph Writing

Question: Write a paragraph (within 100 words) on how your school celebrated Independence Day using the following points:

Points: time of attendance – hoisting of the national flag – speech by the Headmaster – singing of national anthem – cultural programme – distribution of sweets.

উত্তর দেখো (Click to Reveal Answer)

Independence Day Celebration

Independence Day was celebrated in our school with great pomp and show on 15th August. All the students and teachers gathered in the school playground at 8:00 AM. The programme started with the hoisting of the National Flag by our respected Headmaster. We all saluted the flag and sang the National Anthem in chorus. Then, the Headmaster delivered an inspiring speech reminding us of the sacrifice of our freedom fighters. A short cultural programme was organized where students sang patriotic songs and recited poems. Finally, the ceremony ended with the distribution of sweets among the students.

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